Telegraphic-code apparatus.



P. BIENVAUX.

TELEGRAPHIG CODE APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEB. 1914.

1,%76,616. Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- 90 72 5M 3645 400 $2 an no 2s 02 92 7a 50 as /1 41 404 52 as H7 29 emsuwzm HEHEHEBHE M Z enesses [nven Zor PM a-v PAUL BIENVAUX, or rams, FRANCE.

TELEGRAPHIC-CODE APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 20, 1918.

Application filed June 8, 1914. Serial No. 843,900.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, PAUL 'BIENVAUX, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Paris, in the Republic of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Telegraphic-Code Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The apparatus essentially consists of a rectangular board divided into longitudinal columns and horizontal crossrows composed of squares provided with numerals. Movable bands are arranged at the side of this board in housings which comprise groups of vowels, of consonants and numerals (0 to 9) the positions of the movable bands being determined by the key agreed upon.

If the apparatus is properly set, to each group of figures of the board there will correspond one consonant and one vowel forming a syllable composed of two characters; on the other hand, to each of the numerals O to 9, there will correspond one or two consonants so that the numbers can be transformed into pronounceable words composed of five characters.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, illustrating the improved telegraphic code apparatus by way of example;

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of one form of construction of movable band, and Figs. 3 and 3 are respectively a plan view and a cross-section of another form of construction of movable band.

a shows another manner of utilizing the apparatus, and

Fig. 5 and 5 show respectively a sectional plan view and a cross-section of the mode of mounting of themovable bands.

The apparatus illustrated in 1 pormi ts the transformation of five figures (or of six figures between 100,000 and 113,999) into a. word of five characters, and it essentially consists of a rectangular board 1 divided into squares Zarranged in six longitudinal columns and nineteen horizontal cross-rows. The figures 00, O1, 02, etc. up to 113 are marked in these squares in any convenient manner. The six columns correspond to the six vowels A, E, I, O, U, Y and the nineteen cross-rows to nineteen consonants, the character Q not being used. as it does not form together with a vowel a syllable which can be pronounced. If groups of five figures only have to be transformed into words of five characters, it would be sufiicient to mark only the figures 00, 01, etc. up to 99 and seventeen columns would be sufficient. The figures from 00, up to 113 are arranged in such a manner that they can be rapidly found.

Two housings 3 and 4, are arranged at the upper and lower end of the board 1 respectively, the length of the housings corresponding to three squares, and the upper housing 3 being arranged at theright hand side of the board, and the lower housing 1 at the left hand side thereof. Groups of three different vowels, for example A, E, I and O, U, Y are marked in the housings 3 and -11: respectively, and these vowels are arranged to be moved in such a manner that although they remain in the same order, either vowel may be the first one.

Two housings 5 and 7, are provided at the right and at the left of the board 1, respectively being arranged at the upper part and the other at the lower part of the board, and the length of each housing being equal to that of nine squares of the board. In each of said housings is arranged a band provided with nine different consonants, for example B, C, D. F, G, K, J. L. M for the housing 5, and N, P, R, S, T, V, W, X, Z for the housing 7, no same consonant being used in both housings. The bands are made movable so that any of the consonants marked on the same may come to lie at the top.

The bands in the housings 5 and 7, and similarly the bands inthe housings 3 and 4 may be interchanged, The nineteenth consonant H is marked in the housing 9 as well as in the housing 10, at the right and left of the middle cross-row, being by itself a band with only one character. At the side of each of the housings 5 and 7, are arranged similar housings 6 and 8 respectively, the bands of which are marked with the figures 1, 2. 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, in the housing 0, and 6. 7, 8, 9, 0, 6, 7, 8, 9 in the'housing 8. These bands are movable and interchang able, similarly to the bands in the housings 5 and 7.

To each group offigures on the board 1 corresponds one vowel and one consonant.

For example to number correspond R D and L correspondto the numeral 3.. For. coding that consonant is .chosen which sounds best in the word to'cable;

As all the characters and numera ls can be permutated 3X3 2 5 5 2 9 9 f2=v 145,800 different combinations can be made;

Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale and in section a form of movable band-placed in the housing. This band consists of an endless strip 12, theflengtlrof which corresponds to about twelve or -thirteen squares of' the board. "For the housing 4: the vowels O, U,

i Y,? O, U and further the vowels A, E,'I, A,

E are printed on this bandsuccessively, the two groups of vowels being separated by a blank space 11. The band 12-is guided over rollers 1 ,14, one'of' which'can be rota by means of its axle whichis adapted to be fixed in position by a clamping screw.

Fig. 3'shows a'different construction of the housings and oft-lie. movablej bands. A slidfe'lb on which *thevowels O, U,':Y,, O, U,

I r are ma-rked is provided with rack17 and is guided in a groove 1'5fof the housing, being-operated by a toothedwheel-IS, which engages with the said rack and the axle 19 of which is provided with a small hand wheel 20 andwith a"cla1npin -scre'w;21.

proper positions in the housing,

"When the hand wheel 20"is turned, the slide is moved and the vowels are brought in their according to the key, .whichlias been chosen. The

"" 'vowelsA, E, I, .A, E are marked on the back of the slide sothat the twogroups of-vowels T1113) be interchanged by simply turning the slide upside'down. H I i .5 The apparatus is used as follows:

i The keyis composed designating the numeral or'character of; each band which has to occupy a'determined position in the housing, for example the division The-key in the combination shown in Fig. 1 would be 1, 9,413, A, z, Y;

T WVith another combination the characters and numerals of the bands'ha ve' to be mo-vedso that 'the characters and numerals chosen appearvin'gthe V: squares agreed upon "(d%b -0d.'+cf,), .,l 15,800 con'ibinatio'ns being possible Let us 'su pose that the phrase to be'cabled and coded e represented by 'th'e numbers These groups of figures must al'waysbe composed oflfive figures at: least, andrif a group should not have the sufficient number of figures, as many zeros are added at the left as are required. The groups of figures may even compr se slx figures. 1

. Each group is divided into .tlireej sub. group s, the group at the right ha'nd end having one figure, the second'group two figures,

and the third group two or'th'reenfigures," accordmg to whether the nnmberlies between 00000 and 99.999 orbtween 100,000

and113,999.' With thekey shown in 'Fig. 1,

aram e thev first number would be decoded as follows 25..: WY,31:.LY, 2=J or C Of the two characters J or C, that character chosen which gives the best consona-nce.

Thercablegram given by way ;-ofe ample being given only by way of example.

Instead of prlntlng the vowels,"and's1m1- on the movable bands could be arranged inflanyconven'ient main larly the single numerals, on'two different bands and theconfsonants on threedifi'erent bands, one of thelatterbands comprising only one character, all 'the vowels,and similarly all the consonants ancl iunierals, could respectively be printed on one singleband 7 whereby the number of combinations-ob tained would of course, be reduced. On the otherhand the characters and single numorals could be 'printedon agreater-11um ber of bands,*whereby the number of pos sible combinations would be increased.

The apparatus hereinbefore'described also used for transforminggroups of six figures into words of five characters.

Referring to Fig. il, the six columns of the board 1 are designatedby' special signs for example 01,5,7, 5, e, 0,;four of saidcolumn's, for example, those designatedjby a, 6,- B,

comprising only numbers below one hun- I bers "being arranged in the natural order. In the first four columns are marked 1-9' 4&:T6 numbers, that is to say. the numbers from 00 to 75. The remaining numbers lower. than 100, that is to say from 76 to 3 99, "which are marked in the two last columns of the board 1, are marked'aga'n'i on afs pe .dred (.100), and thewholegroup"of muncial'board "11, which?isfarranged either at r the bottom or at 'thetop of the main-board 1, and which'is dividedinto siX colum'n'sireg- ,istering withthe columns of the'inainboard. 1., Tojeach' column corresponds one 'of'thesiX vowels A, E, I, ,O,'U,

Thespecialyboard'll liasfour cr seq-owe v '7 the "main-board '1 Y which contain "the numbers lower than 100. I V Let ussuppose;for'example; that the numbar 57 0,130 is to be, transformed intoa word 5;

of five characters; The-number isv divided Into three groups Of two figures, and the groups 57 "and 01' are transformed 1nto syllables of two letters by means ofthe 1nain board"1.- To the right hand group30 will correspond 5 twole'tter's but only one single letter is used which is determined as follows. The number 30 on the main-board is in the column designated 6 and its crossrow registers the consonant P, while its column registers the vowel U. lVhich one of the two letters is to be used is determined by a pro-arrangement as to the sequence of the use of the vowel and consonant in the various divisions with respect to the columns or cross-rows marked a, 6, 8, in which the third division is to be found on the mainboard or on the special board respectively. The following table gives an example of such pro-arrangement.

Will correspond the following combinatlons for the syllables representing the two first divisions.

2nd division.

"owehconsonant. Consonant, vowel. Consonant, vowel. 6 Vowel,consonant.

Consonant, vowel. Consonant, vowel. Vowel, consonant. Vowel, consonant.

It is evident that any others of the analogous twenty-four combinations corresponding to the permutations of the signs a, 6, B, may be adopted.

Therefore, the two characters correspond ing to 57 being A and B, and those corre sponding to 01 being 0 and C, on the mainbcard 1, as 30 stands in the column 6, the number 570,130 is translated as follows:

57:13 A (consonant and vowel),

01 C 0 (consonant and vowel), and

10,130:BAOOP.

For the number 508,69i, the division 9% in the small board 11 corresponds to the vowel O and stands in the cross-row B, so that the translation of the number is:

508694;:YRENO.

By inverting the method, words of live characters are easily transformed into numbers of six figures.

Of course, the apparatus may be arranged in such a manner that diflerent arrangemcnts can be used for the main board and the small board, as the movable bands for characters and numerals may be replaced by other bands printed differently.

Fig. 5 illustrates the manner in which said bands are mounted so that they can easily be removed. The band(w) rests in a sheath, (y) which is adapted to be moved in a guide-piece and to be fixed in the desired position by means of a clampingscrew (it).

.Vhat I claim is:

1. In a code apparatus a base having on one board spaced groups of numerals comprising at least two digits to each group arranged in longitudinal columns and horizontal cross-rows; alphabetical characters on movable bands arranged so that each column has a vowel at either its top or foot and each cross-row a consonant at either its right or left hand end; each cross-row having also, one of the ten digits at the same end as its consonant.

2. In a code apparatus a base having on one main-board spaced groups of numerals comprising at least two digits to each group arranged in six longitudinal columns and nineteen horizontal cross-rows, the said six columns being marked with distinct signs, four of said columns containing only numbers lower than 100; alphabetical char acters on movable bands arranged so that each column has a vowel at either its top or foot, and each cross-row a consonant and one of the ten digits at either its right or left hand end; either at the bottom or at the top of said main-board a small board comprising six longitudinal columns and four horizontal. cross-rows, said horizontal crossrows being marked with the same signs as four of the columns of the main-board, the numbers lower than 100 which are not marked in said four columns of the main board being marked in the squares of the small board, substantially as described and shown and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

PAUL BIENVAUX. lVitnesses PIERRE RnonrnnAU, HANsoN C. Coxn.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patentl.

Washington. 13.0." 

